Estrogen Signaling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Estrogen signal - Essay ExampleEstrogen is one of the chief(prenominal) sex hormones. It has definite physiological roles, the most important of which are sexual and reproductive functions. Other biological roles include involvement in mixed functions attributing to the cardiovascular, immune, rally nervous system and musculoskeletal systems (Gustafsson, 2003 cited in Heldring, 2007 906). The dead body produces many estrogen types, the most potent of which is 12- genus Beta estradiol or E2. E2, along with its 2 metabolites estriol and estrone exerts various biophysiological effects in the body (Heldring, 2007). These effects are mediated through binding of the molecules of estrogen to peculiar(prenominal) estrogen receptors. Currently, 2 specific estrogen receptors have been identified and they are ER-alpha and ER-beta. These receptors belong to class-1 nuclear receptors (Petterson and Gustafsson, 2001 cited in Heldring, 2007 907). Binding of the ligands to these receptors induce s certain compliancy changes in the receptor which in turn leads to a series of changes in the receptors and ultimately ends in the preinitiation complex. The changes which follow in the receptors are migration of ER from cytosol to nucleus, dimerisation of the receptor molecules, binding and interactions between dimerised receptor protein and specific sequences of DNA, recruitment of various coregulator proteins concerned with the biological action and also recruitment of various transcription factors (Paech, Webb, Kuiper, et al,1997 cited in Heldring, 2007 908).